{"id":3351,"date":"2023-05-01T21:06:30","date_gmt":"2023-05-01T14:06:30","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.clc.hcmus.edu.vn\/?p=3351"},"modified":"2023-11-23T14:59:22","modified_gmt":"2023-11-23T07:59:22","slug":"tien-si-lam-cong-cu-chuyen-chu-nom-sang-chu-quoc-ngu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.clc.hcmus.edu.vn\/?p=3351","title":{"rendered":"Ti\u1ebfn s\u0129 l\u00e0m c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 chuy\u1ec3n ch\u1eef N\u00f4m sang ch\u1eef qu\u1ed1c ng\u1eef"},"content":{"rendered":"

Ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 truy c\u1eadp v\u00e0 tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 chuy\u1ec3n ch\u1eef N\u00f4m sang ch\u1eef qu\u1ed1c ng\u1eef n\u00e0y tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t website m\u1edf.<\/h2>\n
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\"Ti\u1ebfn<\/a><\/p>\n
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H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng chuy\u1ec3n ch\u1eef N\u00f4m sang ch\u1eef qu\u1ed1c ng\u1eef hi\u1ec7n \u0111ang m\u1edf cho nh\u1eefng ai quan t\u00e2m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m – \u1ea2nh: TR\u1eccNG NH\u00c2N<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

\u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng chuy\u1ec3n ch\u1eef N\u00f4m sang ch\u1eef qu\u1ed1c ng\u1eef<\/h2>\n

C\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng chuy\u1ec3n ch\u1eef N\u00f4m sang\u00a0ch\u1eef qu\u1ed1c ng\u1eef<\/a>\u00a0do PGS.TS \u0110inh \u0110i\u1ec1n\u00a0– gi\u00e1m \u0111\u1ed1c Trung t\u00e2m ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef h\u1ecdc t\u00ednh to\u00e1n, Tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Khoa h\u1ecdc t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean (\u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Qu\u1ed1c gia TP.HCM) – ch\u1ee7 tr\u00ec. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ec1 t\u00e0i v\u1eeba \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nghi\u1ec7m thu t\u1ea1i S\u1edf Khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 TP.HCM.<\/p>\n

PGS.TS \u0110inh \u0110i\u1ec1n gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o chuy\u1ec3n t\u1ef1, ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 thay th\u1ebf t\u1eeb d\u1ea1ng n\u00e0y sang d\u1ea1ng kh\u00e1c trong c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef.<\/p>\n

Ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n, t\u1eeb “\u041f\u0443\u0442\u0438\u043d” trong h\u1ec7 ch\u1eef Cyrillic c\u1ee7a ti\u1ebfng Nga c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chuy\u1ec3n t\u1ef1 sang t\u1eeb “Putin” trong h\u1ec7 ch\u1eef Latin.<\/p>\n

Hay t\u1eeb “\u306b\u307b\u3093” trong h\u1ec7 ch\u1eef Hiragana s\u1ebd t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1edbi t\u1eeb “Nihon” khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chuy\u1ec3n sang h\u1ec7 ch\u1eef Latin, \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n.<\/p>\n

Theo PGS.TS \u0110inh \u0110i\u1ec1n, vi\u1ec7c chuy\u1ec3n t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 tr\u00ean kh\u00e1 \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n v\u00ec c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng, g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 “1-1” gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c m\u1eabu t\u1ef1 trong 2 h\u1ec7 ch\u1eef.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi, c\u00e1c h\u1ec7\u00a0ch\u1eef vi\u1ebft\u00a0tr\u00ean c\u00f9ng thu\u1ed9c lo\u1ea1i h\u00ecnh ch\u1eef vi\u1ebft ghi \u00e2m n\u00ean vi\u1ec7c chuy\u1ec3n t\u1ef1 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng, nhanh ch\u00f3ng v\u00e0 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch tra b\u1ea3ng.<\/p>\n

Tuy nhi\u00ean, vi\u1ec7c chuy\u1ec3n\u00a0ch\u1eef N\u00f4m\u00a0<\/a>sang ch\u1eef qu\u1ed1c ng\u1eef l\u1ea1i ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p h\u01a1n r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u. Th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c n\u1eb1m \u1edf ch\u1ed7 hai h\u1ec7 ch\u1eef kh\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i h\u00ecnh ch\u1eef.<\/p>\n

M\u1ed9t ch\u1eef N\u00f4m th\u01b0\u1eddng m\u01b0\u1ee3n 2 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 H\u00e1n t\u1ef1, m\u1ed9t ch\u1eef H\u00e1n ghi \u00e2m v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ghi \u00fd. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, ch\u1eef “n\u0103m”: (s\u1ed1 5), c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p gi\u1eefa y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 ghi \u00e2m l\u00e0 “\u5357” (\/n\u00e1n\/) + v\u00e0 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 ghi \u00fd “\u4e94” (ng\u0169).<\/p>\n

Trong khi \u0111\u00f3, ch\u1eef qu\u1ed1c ng\u1eef \u0111\u01a1n thu\u1ea7n thu\u1ed9c lo\u1ea1i h\u00ecnh ch\u1eef ghi \u00e2m v\u1ecb (phonemic).<\/p>\n

C\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t ch\u1eef N\u00f4m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chuy\u1ec3n t\u1ef1 sang nhi\u1ec1u ch\u1eef qu\u1ed1c ng\u1eef kh\u00e1c nhau. V\u00ed d\u1ee5 ch\u1eef “\u4e2d” c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 chuy\u1ec3n t\u1ef1 sang c\u00e1c ch\u1eef “\u0111\u00fang, trong, trung, tr\u00fang, tru\u1ed3ng” trong ch\u1eef qu\u1ed1c ng\u1eef.<\/p>\n

Ch\u01b0a k\u1ec3, do bi\u1ebfn \u00e2m v\u00f9ng mi\u1ec1n, l\u1ecbch s\u1eed du nh\u1eadp \u00e2m H\u00e1n – Vi\u1ec7t n\u00ean c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e1ch vi\u1ebft ch\u1eef N\u00f4m kh\u00e1c nhau ch\u01b0a th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n

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\"Ti\u1ebfn<\/a><\/div>\n
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Giao di\u1ec7n h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng chuy\u1ec3n ch\u1eef N\u00f4m sang ch\u1eef qu\u1ed1c ng\u1eef – \u1ea2nh: CH\u1ee4P M\u00c0N H\u00ccNH<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

\u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng h\u1ecdc h\u00e0ng tri\u1ec7u d\u1eef li\u1ec7u<\/h2>\n

\u0110\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o l\u1eadp h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng chuy\u1ec3n ch\u1eef N\u00f4m sang ch\u1eef qu\u1ed1c ng\u1eef, nh\u00f3m nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u1ee7a PGS.TS \u0110inh \u0110i\u1ec1n \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh D\u1ecbch m\u00e1y th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea SMT (Statistical Machine Translation) k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi c\u00e1c m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh d\u1ecbch kh\u00e1c (NMT, hybrid).<\/p>\n

“Chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c” \u0111\u01b0a ra l\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p cho m\u00e1y m\u1ed9t ngu\u1ed3n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u l\u1edbn v\u1ec1 c\u1ea3 ch\u1eef N\u00f4m l\u1eabn ch\u1eef qu\u1ed1c ng\u1eef \u0111\u1ec3 m\u00e1y “t\u1ef1 h\u1ecdc”.<\/p>\n

Khi b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n tra c\u1ee9u, m\u00e1y s\u1ebd t\u00ednh to\u00e1n x\u00e1c su\u1ea5t cao nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a ngh\u0129a t\u1eeb\/c\u00e2u ch\u1eef N\u00f4m v\u00e0 t\u00ednh x\u00e1c su\u1ea5t cao nh\u1ea5t c\u00e1ch di\u1ec5n \u0111\u1ea1t t\u1eeb\/c\u00e2u \u1ea5y t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng trong ch\u1eef qu\u1ed1c ng\u1eef.<\/p>\n

Trong khi th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y, nh\u00f3m nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u00e3 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb, trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 b\u1ed9 m\u00f4n H\u00e1n N\u00f4m,\u00a0Tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Khoa h\u1ecdc x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i v\u00e0 Nh\u00e2n v\u0103n<\/a>\u00a0(\u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Qu\u1ed1c gia TP.HCM), \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng kho d\u1eef li\u1ec7u.<\/p>\n

\u01af\u1edbc t\u00ednh m\u00e1y \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c “h\u1ecdc” kho ng\u1eef li\u1ec7u song ng\u1eef ch\u1eef N\u00f4m – ch\u1eef qu\u1ed1c ng\u1eef 418.935 t\u1ef1; kho ng\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01a1n ng\u1eef ch\u1eef qu\u1ed1c ng\u1eef 823.533 c\u00e2u, 13 tri\u1ec7u t\u1eeb; t\u1eeb \u0111i\u1ec3n ch\u1eef H\u00e1n – Vi\u1ec7t 66.450 m\u1ee5c t\u1eeb; t\u1ef1 \u0111i\u1ec3n ch\u1eef N\u00f4m – qu\u1ed1c ng\u1eef 22.264 m\u1ee5c t\u1ef1\u2026<\/p>\n

Ngo\u00e0i ra, m\u00e1y c\u0169ng t\u1ef1 “h\u1ecdc” c\u00e1ch khai th\u00e1c t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c\u00a0s\u1ed1 h\u00f3a<\/a>, \u0111\u0103ng t\u1ea3i tr\u00ean m\u1ea1ng Internet. Nhi\u1ec1u ngu\u1ed3n s\u00e1ch v\u1edf ch\u1eef N\u00f4m kh\u00e1c \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c “nh\u1eadp tay” cho m\u00e1y h\u1ecdc, thu\u1ed9c nhi\u1ec1u l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c nh\u01b0 v\u0103n h\u1ecdc, l\u1ecbch s\u1eed, \u0111\u1ecba l\u00fd, y h\u1ecdc, t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o, \u00e2m nh\u1ea1c…<\/p>\n

Hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3\u00a0chuy\u1ec3n ng\u1eef\u00a0ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn c\u00e1c c\u00e2u v\u0103n ch\u1eef N\u00f4m b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3. T\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng Google Translte (Google D\u1ecbch), b\u1ea1n ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0a t\u1eeb\/c\u1ee5m t\u1eeb\/c\u00e2u v\u0103n c\u1ea7n chuy\u1ec3n ng\u1eef (t\u1eeb ch\u1eef N\u00f4m), m\u00e1y s\u1ebd l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 b\u1ea1n sang ch\u1eef qu\u1ed1c ng\u1eef.<\/p>\n

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\"Ti\u1ebfn<\/a><\/div>\n
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PGS.TS \u0110inh \u0110i\u1ec1n, ch\u1ee7 tr\u00ec nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 khoa h\u1ecdc chuy\u1ec3n ch\u1eef N\u00f4m sang ch\u1eef qu\u1ed1c ng\u1eef – \u1ea2nh: TR\u1eccNG NH\u00c2N<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng chuy\u1ec3n t\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1edf tr\u00ean website:\u00a0https:\/\/tools.clc.hcmus.edu.vn\/<\/a>\u00a0\u0111\u1ec3 nh\u1eefng ai quan t\u00e2m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tra c\u1ee9u.<\/p>\n

PGS.TS \u0110inh \u0110i\u1ec1n cho bi\u1ebft s\u1eafp t\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c “n\u00e2ng c\u1ea5p” th\u00eam ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 chuy\u1ec3n ch\u1eef N\u00f4m sang ch\u1eef qu\u1ed1c ng\u1eef t\u1eeb h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh. B\u1ea1n ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n ch\u1ee5p \u1ea3nh c\u00f3 c\u00e1c ch\u1eef N\u00f4m, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng s\u1ebd l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c chuy\u1ec3n sang ch\u1eef qu\u1ed1c ng\u1eef.<\/p>\n

H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00edch h\u1ee3p trong c\u00e1c app du l\u1ecbch. Kh\u00e1ch tham quan khi \u0111\u1ebfn th\u0103m c\u00e1c khu di t\u00edch l\u1ecbch s\u1eed, \u0111\u1ec1n \u0111\u00e0i c\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ec3 tra c\u1ee9u c\u00e1c bia, c\u00e2u \u0111\u1ed1i, li\u1ec5n ch\u1eef N\u00f4m. T\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3, du kh\u00e1ch s\u1ebd thu\u1eadn ti\u1ec7n h\u01a1n khi t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u\u00a0v\u0103n h\u00f3a Vi\u1ec7t Nam<\/a>.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 truy c\u1eadp v\u00e0 tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 chuy\u1ec3n ch\u1eef N\u00f4m sang ch\u1eef qu\u1ed1c ng\u1eef n\u00e0y […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[119,12],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.clc.hcmus.edu.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3351"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.clc.hcmus.edu.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.clc.hcmus.edu.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.clc.hcmus.edu.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.clc.hcmus.edu.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=3351"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.clc.hcmus.edu.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3351\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3352,"href":"https:\/\/www.clc.hcmus.edu.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3351\/revisions\/3352"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.clc.hcmus.edu.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=3351"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.clc.hcmus.edu.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=3351"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.clc.hcmus.edu.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=3351"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}