{"id":3730,"date":"2023-05-27T23:40:22","date_gmt":"2023-05-27T23:40:22","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.clc.hcmus.edu.vn\/?p=3730"},"modified":"2025-11-11T23:53:27","modified_gmt":"2025-11-11T16:53:27","slug":"he-thong-chuyen-tu-chu-nom-sang-chu-quoc-ngu-giua-me-cung-cua-nhung-lua-chon","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.clc.hcmus.edu.vn\/?p=3730","title":{"rendered":"H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng Chuy\u1ec3n t\u1ef1 ch\u1eef N\u00f4m sang ch\u1eef Qu\u1ed1c ng\u1eef: Gi\u1eefa \u201cm\u00ea cung\u201d c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n
<\/div>\n<\/header>\n
\n
\n
\n
\n
Xuy\u00ean su\u1ed1t 10 th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, ch\u1eef N\u00f4m \u0111\u00e3 ghi d\u1ea5u \u1ea5n tr\u00ean kh\u1eafp c\u00e1c t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m v\u0103n th\u01a1, c\u00e1c di t\u00edch l\u1ecbch s\u1eed. Ng\u00e0y nay ch\u1eef N\u00f4m \u0111\u00e3 l\u00f9i v\u00e0o d\u0129 v\u00e3ng, s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c lo\u1ea1i ch\u1eef n\u00e0y v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng \u00edt \u1ecfi.<\/div>\n
\n
\n
\n

\"PGS.TS<\/p>\n

PGS.TS \u0110inh \u0110i\u1ec1n, tr\u01b0\u1edfng nh\u00f3m nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u, chia s\u1ebb v\u1ec1 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng. \u00d4ng \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 kinh nghi\u1ec7m ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng chuy\u1ec3n ng\u1eef nh\u01b0 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m d\u1ecbch t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng sang ch\u1eef n\u1ed5i (Braille) cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi khi\u1ebfm th\u1ecb, v\u00e0 n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 kim t\u1eeb \u0111i\u1ec3n – m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i t\u1eeb \u0111i\u1ec3n \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ea5t ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
V\u1edbi mong mu\u1ed1n gi\u00fap nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi mu\u1ed1n \u0111\u1ecdc c\u00e1c t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u c\u1ed5 nh\u01b0ng l\u1ea1i b\u1ecb gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n b\u1edfi r\u00e0o c\u1ea3n ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef, PGS.TS \u0110inh \u0110i\u1ec1n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u1ed9ng s\u1ef1 \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f9ng nhau ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 Google D\u1ecbch, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 chuy\u1ec3n t\u1ef1 t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng ch\u1eef N\u00f4m sang ch\u1eef Qu\u1ed1c ng\u1eef.<\/div>\n
\n

Ch\u1eef N\u00f4m l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i v\u0103n t\u1ef1 ng\u1eef t\u1ed1 – \u00e2m ti\u1ebft d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 vi\u1ebft ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 b\u1ed9 ch\u1eef \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t t\u1ea1o ra d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean ch\u1eef H\u00e1n, c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 th\u1ee7, \u00e2m \u0111\u1ecdc v\u00e0 ngh\u0129a t\u1eeb v\u1ef1ng trong ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t. Trong su\u1ed1t m\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n (t\u1eeb th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 10 \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 20), \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh v\u1ec1 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed, v\u0103n h\u1ecdc, y h\u1ecdc, n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, \u0111\u1ecba l\u00fd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ebft b\u1eb1ng ch\u1eef N\u00f4m; tuy nhi\u00ean ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn s\u1ed1 c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh v\u1eabn ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ecbch (chuy\u1ec3n t\u1ef1) sang ch\u1eef Qu\u1ed1c ng\u1eef (ch\u1eef vi\u1ebft h\u1ec7 Latin) – nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 c\u00e1c t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u gia \u0111\u00ecnh t\u1ef1 l\u01b0u tr\u1eef.Tuy nhi\u00ean, hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i c\u00f3 r\u1ea5t \u00edt ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1eef N\u00f4m \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u, khai th\u00e1c t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u trong qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9. V\u1edbi mong mu\u1ed1n m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1edf b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 \u0111\u00e2u c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ecdc hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c v\u0103n b\u1ea3n H\u00e1n \u2013 N\u00f4m \u0111\u1ec3 khai th\u00e1c c\u00e1c t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u trong qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9, PGS.TS \u0110inh \u0110i\u1ec1n (Gi\u00e1m \u0111\u1ed1c Trung t\u00e2m Ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef h\u1ecdc m\u00e1y t\u00ednh, tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Khoa h\u1ecdc T\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean \u2013 \u0110HQG TP.HCM) \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f9ng c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed3ng nghi\u1ec7p ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng chuy\u1ec3n t\u1ef1 t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u0103n b\u1ea3n ch\u1eef N\u00f4m sang ch\u1eef Qu\u1ed1c ng\u1eef ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng tr\u00ean m\u00e1y t\u00ednh v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i di \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/p>\n

Vi\u1ec7c chuy\u1ec3n t\u1ef1 \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 thay th\u1ebf ch\u1eef vi\u1ebft t\u1eeb d\u1ea1ng n\u00e0y sang d\u1ea1ng kh\u00e1c trong c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef. V\u00ed d\u1ee5: chuy\u1ec3n t\u1ef1 t\u1eeb h\u1ec7 ch\u1eef Cyrillic c\u1ee7a ti\u1ebfng Nga sang h\u1ec7 ch\u1eef Latin, nh\u01b0: \u201c\u041f\u0443\u0442\u0438\u043d\u201d th\u00e0nh \u201cPutin\u201d, hay t\u1eeb h\u1ec7 ch\u1eef Hangeul c\u1ee7a ti\u1ebfng H\u00e0n sang h\u1ec7 ch\u1eef Latin, nh\u01b0: \u201c\uc0bc\uc131\u201d th\u00e0nh \u201cSamsung\u201d. Vi\u1ec7c chuy\u1ec3n t\u1ef1 n\u00e0y r\u1ea5t \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n v\u00ec c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng (g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0) 1-1 gi\u1eefa m\u1ed9t m\u1eabu t\u1ef1 trong h\u1ec7 ch\u1eef Cyrillic hay Hangeul v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t m\u1eabu t\u1ef1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng trong h\u1ec7 ch\u1eef Latin. Do c\u1ea3 ba h\u1ec7 ch\u1eef vi\u1ebft tr\u00ean c\u00f9ng thu\u1ed9c lo\u1ea1i h\u00ecnh ch\u1eef vi\u1ebft ghi \u00e2m v\u1ecb (alphabet) n\u00ean vi\u1ec7c chuy\u1ec3n t\u1ef1 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng, nhanh ch\u00f3ng v\u00e0 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch tra b\u1ea3ng (\u00e1nh x\u1ea1).<\/p>\n

Tuy nhi\u00ean, vi\u1ec7c chuy\u1ec3n t\u1ef1 t\u1eeb ch\u1eef N\u00f4m sang ch\u1eef Qu\u1ed1c ng\u1eef ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p do hai h\u1ec7 ch\u1eef kh\u00f4ng c\u00f9ng thu\u1ed9c m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i h\u00ecnh ch\u1eef vi\u1ebft. Ch\u1eef N\u00f4m thu\u1ed9c lo\u1ea1i h\u00ecnh ch\u1eef vi\u1ebft ghi \u00fd (ideographic) c\u00f2n ch\u1eef Qu\u1ed1c ng\u1eef thu\u1ed9c lo\u1ea1i h\u00ecnh ch\u1eef vi\u1ebft ghi \u00e2m v\u1ecb theo c\u00e1ch ph\u00e2n chia s\u00e1u lo\u1ea1i h\u00ecnh ch\u1eef vi\u1ebft tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi trong c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a Rogers H. Do \u0111\u00f3, ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1ch tra b\u1ea3ng (\u00e1nh x\u1ea1) v\u00ec kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng 1-1 gi\u1eefa m\u1ed9t ch\u1eef N\u00f4m v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t ch\u1eef Qu\u1ed1c ng\u1eef nh\u01b0 trong v\u00ed d\u1ee5 ch\u1eef ti\u1ebfng Nga hay ti\u1ebfng H\u00e0n n\u00f3i tr\u00ean.<\/p>\n

M\u1ed9t ch\u1eef N\u00f4m th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1ed3m hai ph\u1ea7n: ph\u1ea7n ghi \u00e2m v\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n ghi \u00fd. Ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n, ch\u1eef \u8e4e (\u201cch\u00e2n\u201d trong \u201cch\u00e2n tay\u201d): ch\u1eef n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5u th\u00e0nh t\u1eeb ch\u1eef \u201ct\u00fac\u201d \u8db3 (ghi \u00fd) v\u00e0 ch\u1eef \u201cch\u00e2n\u201d \u771f (ghi \u00e2m). Vi\u1ec7c suy \u0111o\u00e1n n\u00e0y ph\u1ea3i d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ebfn nhi\u1ec1u tri th\u1ee9c c\u1ea3 trong v\u00e0 ngo\u00e0i ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef (extra-linguistic) nh\u01b0 v\u0103n h\u00f3a, l\u1ecbch s\u1eed, \u0111\u1ecba l\u00fd, ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t c\u1ed5, ti\u1ebfng \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng, t\u1eeb chuy\u00ean ng\u00e0nh, v.v.<\/p>\n

\n

\"H\u1eb9\u0302<\/p>\n

H\u1eb9\u0302 th\u00f4\u0301ng chuy\u00ea\u0309n t\u01b0\u0323 ca\u0302u 105-108 trong Truy\u1eb9\u0302n Ki\u00ea\u0300u t\u01b0\u0300 ch\u01b0\u0303 No\u0302m sang ch\u01b0\u0303 Qu\u00f4\u0301c ng\u01b0\u0303.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

\u201c\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 b\u00e0i to\u00e1n r\u1ea5t kh\u00f3 v\u00ec ch\u00ednh con ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u00fang ta khi \u0111\u1ecdc ch\u1eef N\u00f4m c\u0169ng ph\u1ea3i \u2018v\u1eeba \u0111\u1ecdc v\u1eeba \u0111o\u00e1n\u2019 v\u00ec c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t ch\u1eef N\u00f4m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u201cd\u1ecbch\u201d (chuy\u1ec3n t\u1ef1) sang nhi\u1ec1u ch\u1eef Qu\u1ed1c ng\u1eef kh\u00e1c nhau\u201d, PGS. \u0110i\u1ec1n gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch.<\/p>\n

Nh\u1eadn th\u1ea5y \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u00e0i to\u00e1n li\u00ean ng\u00e0nh ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi c\u00e1c chuy\u00ean gia v\u1ec1 H\u00e1n – N\u00f4m, nh\u00f3m nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c v\u1edbi nh\u00f3m c\u1ee7a PGS.TS. L\u00ea Quang Tr\u01b0\u1eddng, tr\u01b0\u1edfng B\u1ed9 m\u00f4n H\u00e1n \u2013 N\u00f4m (Khoa V\u0103n h\u1ecdc, tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0110H Khoa h\u1ecdc X\u00e3 h\u1ed9i & Nh\u00e2n v\u0103n, \u0110HQG-TP.HCM) \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n

Chia theo l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c<\/p>\n

V\u00ec c\u00f3 hai ph\u1ea7n \u201cghi \u00fd\u201d v\u00e0 \u201cghi \u00e2m\u201d, chuy\u1ec3n t\u1ef1 ch\u1eef N\u00f4m l\u00e0 b\u00e0i to\u00e1n c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn. Gi\u1eefa ng\u1ed5n ngang ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u00e1n, b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9 \u0111\u00e3 n\u1eafm ch\u1eafc ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c ch\u1eef N\u00f4m c\u0169ng ph\u1ea3i loay hoay, m\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ecm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u00e1n chuy\u1ec3n t\u1ef1 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p nh\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n

C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u ch\u1eef d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 ghi c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t \u00e2m ti\u1ebft, ho\u1eb7c ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, m\u1ed9t ch\u1eef c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ecdc kh\u00e1c nhau. Ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n, trong b\u00e0i th\u01a1 C\u1ea3nh ng\u00e0y h\u00e8 c\u1ee7a Nguy\u1ec5n Tr\u00e3i c\u00f3 c\u00e2u \u201cTh\u1ea1ch l\u1ef1u hi\u00ean c\u00f2n phun th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ecf \/ H\u1ed3ng li\u00ean tr\u00ec \u0111\u00e3 \u7fa8 m\u00f9i h\u01b0\u01a1ng\u201d. C\u00f3 b\u1ea3n chuy\u1ec3n t\u1ef1 \u7fa8 l\u00e0 \u201cti\u1ec5n\u201d (\u0111\u01b0a\/t\u1ecfa), c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u00ec cho r\u1eb1ng \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 ch\u1eef \u201ct\u1ecbn\u201d (t\u1eeb c\u1ed5, c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a h\u1ebft\/t\u1eadn).<\/p>\n

C\u0169ng t\u1eeb \u7fa8 n\u00e0y, xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n trong c\u00e2u th\u01a1 \u201cC\u1ecf non xanh \u7fa8 ch\u00e2n tr\u1eddi \/ C\u00e0nh l\u00ea tr\u1eafng \u0111i\u1ec3m m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i b\u00f4ng hoa\u201d (Truy\u1ec7n Ki\u1ec1u – Nguy\u1ec5n Du). H\u1ecdc gi\u1ea3 Tr\u01b0\u01a1ng V\u0129nh K\u00fd l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean phi\u00ean \u00e2m ch\u1eef \u7fa8 n\u00e0y sang ch\u1eef Qu\u1ed1c ng\u1eef l\u00e0 \u201ct\u1eadn\u201d. Hai b\u1ea3n Truy\u1ec7n Ki\u1ec1u Qu\u1ed1c ng\u1eef ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam (Tr\u1ea7n Tr\u1ecdng Kim, \u0110\u00e0o Duy Anh) c\u0169ng v\u1eabn ghi l\u00e0 \u201ct\u1eadn\u201d. Th\u1ebf nh\u01b0ng sau \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u h\u1ecdc gi\u1ea3 cho r\u1eb1ng \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 \u201cr\u1ee3n\u201d, \u201cd\u1ee3n\u201d ho\u1eb7c \u201ct\u1ecbn\u201d1<\/sup>.<\/p>\n

R\u1ea5t kh\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0a ra k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng r\u1eb1ng \u0111\u00e2u m\u1edbi l\u00e0 phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n chuy\u1ec3n t\u1ef1 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c. S\u1ef1 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 khi\u1ebfn nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ea3i than r\u1eb1ng ch\u1eef N\u00f4m l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t m\u00ea cung \u201cv\u1eeba \u0111\u1ecdc v\u1eeba \u0111o\u00e1n\u201d.<\/p>\n

Th\u1ef1c ch\u1ea5t nh\u00f3m nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u1ee7a PGS. \u0110i\u1ec1n kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean loay hoay gi\u1eefa m\u00ea cung t\u1eeb ng\u1eef n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng chuy\u1ec3n t\u1ef1 t\u1eeb ch\u1eef N\u00f4m sang ch\u1eef Qu\u1ed1c ng\u1eef, tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng N\u00f4m Converter (www.chunom.org) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng. Tuy nhi\u00ean, \u201cdo h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng N\u00f4m Converter \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng t\u1eeb l\u00e2u, s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 c\u0169 (SMT) v\u00e0 t\u1eeb 2018 \u0111\u1ebfn nay kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 m\u1edbi nh\u01b0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 h\u1ecdc s\u00e2u, m\u1ea1ng neural, n\u00ean ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng d\u1ecbch c\u00f2n h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf\u201d, \u00f4ng nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/p>\n

B\u00ean c\u1ea1nh \u0111\u00f3, ph\u1ea7n quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 m\u00e1y h\u1ecdc ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u hu\u1ea5n luy\u1ec7n. V\u1edbi N\u00f4m Converter, \u0111\u1ed9i ng\u0169 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ch\u1ec9 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ng\u1eef li\u1ec7u n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a N\u00f4m Converter n\u00ean thi\u1ebfu nhi\u1ec1u ch\u1eef H\u00e1n \u2013 N\u00f4m, nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i khi\u1ebfn ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng d\u1ecbch b\u1ecb h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ec3 kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng thi\u1ebfu ch\u1eef N\u00f4m trong t\u1eadp hu\u1ea5n luy\u1ec7n nh\u01b0 trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng N\u00f4m Converter, nh\u00f3m tri\u1ec3n khai b\u1ed5 sung t\u1ef1 \u0111i\u1ec3n H\u00e1n \u2013 Vi\u1ec7t v\u00e0o b\u1ea3ng d\u1ecbch (phrase table) c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng Moses. Ngo\u00e0i ra, nh\u00f3m c\u0169ng b\u1ed5 sung nhi\u1ec1u b\u1ea3n d\u1ecbch th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng song song N\u00f4m \u2013 Qu\u1ed1c ng\u1eef kh\u00e1c – m\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng N\u00f4m Converter ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o hu\u1ea5n luy\u1ec7n – \u0111\u1ec3 n\u00e2ng cao ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng d\u1ecbch. \u201cC\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a nh\u00f3m nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u l\u00e0 ph\u00e2n chia theo l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c cho ng\u1eef li\u1ec7u hu\u1ea5n luy\u1ec7n \u1edf \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o v\u00e0 m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef ch\u1eef Qu\u1ed1c ng\u1eef \u1edf \u0111\u1ea7u ra\u201d, PGS.TS \u0110inh \u0110i\u1ec1n nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh.<\/p>\n

Nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i, c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn ch\u1eef Qu\u1ed1c ng\u1eef \u0111\u00fang trong s\u1ed1 c\u00e1c ch\u1eef Qu\u1ed1c ng\u1eef kh\u1ea3 d\u0129 c\u1ee7a ch\u1eef N\u00f4m \u0111\u00f3. Vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ecdn l\u1ef1a n\u00e0y ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o ng\u1eef c\u1ea3nh, th\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i, l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c v\u00e0 c\u1ea3 v\u00e0o ni\u00ean \u0111\u1ea1i. H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng hi\u1ec7n h\u1eefu ch\u1ec9 m\u1edbi ch\u1ecdn ch\u1eef Qu\u1ed1c ng\u1eef theo ng\u1eef c\u1ea3nh c\u00f3 trong t\u1eadp ng\u1eef li\u1ec7u hu\u1ea5n luy\u1ec7n m\u00e0 t\u1eadp hu\u1ea5n luy\u1ec7n n\u00e0y l\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hu\u1ea5n luy\u1ec7n chung (l\u1eabn l\u1ed9n th\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i, l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c, ni\u00ean \u0111\u1ea1i). \u201cV\u00ec v\u1eady, trong m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i ph\u00e2n chia t\u1eadp hu\u1ea5n luy\u1ec7n, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef theo th\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i v\u00e0 l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c\u201d, \u00f4ng l\u00fd gi\u1ea3i.<\/p>\n

PGS.TS \u0110inh \u0110i\u1ec1n cho bi\u1ebft, m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 tra c\u1ee9u ngh\u0129a Qu\u1ed1c ng\u1eef t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c N\u00f4m t\u1ef1. \u0110\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y, t\u1ef1 \u0111i\u1ec3n ch\u1eef N\u00f4m ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch c\u00f3 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng thu\u1ed9c t\u00ednh c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1eddng ngh\u0129a Qu\u1ed1c ng\u1eef, l\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u0103n b\u1ea3n lu\u00f4n c\u00f3, gi\u1ea3i ngh\u0129a Qu\u1ed1c ng\u1eef cho m\u1ee5c N\u00f4m t\u1ef1; tr\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1ea7n su\u1ea5t: cho bi\u1ebft m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a N\u00f4m t\u1ef1; tr\u01b0\u1eddng l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c: cho bi\u1ebft ng\u1eef c\u1ea3nh c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a N\u00f4m t\u1ef1; v\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i: cung c\u1ea5p th\u00eam th\u00f4ng tin v\u1ec1 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c N\u00f4m t\u1ef1.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ec3 hu\u1ea5n luy\u1ec7n m\u00e1y h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef, trong c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u n\u00e0y, PGS.TS \u0110inh \u0110i\u1ec1n v\u00e0 c\u1ed9ng s\u1ef1 \u0111\u00e3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng ng\u1eef li\u1ec7u cho l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c v\u0103n h\u1ecdc, \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o.
\nNh\u1edd s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u01b0\u1ee3t b\u1eadc c\u1ee7a l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c AI c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 h\u1ecdc m\u00e1y trong nh\u1eefng n\u0103m g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y, m\u00e1y t\u00ednh hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ef1 \u201ch\u1ecdc\u201d \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1ch \u201csuy \u0111o\u00e1n\u201d ch\u1eef Qu\u1ed1c ng\u1eef ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi t\u1eebng ch\u1eef N\u00f4m th\u00f4ng qua ng\u1eef c\u1ea3nh trong r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e1c b\u1ea3n d\u1ecbch N\u00f4m \u2013 Qu\u1ed1c ng\u1eef tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3 c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch cung c\u1ea5p cho m\u00e1y c\u00e0ng nhi\u1ec1u b\u1ea3n d\u1ecbch N\u00f4m \u2013 Qu\u1ed1c ng\u1eef chu\u1ea9n, m\u00e1y s\u1ebd c\u00e0ng \u201cth\u00f4ng minh\u201d h\u01a1n v\u00e0 cho k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 d\u1ecbch ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c h\u01a1n. Ngo\u00e0i ra, m\u00e1y c\u0169ng c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u1ef1 h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ec3 ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n h\u01a1n b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch r\u00fat kinh nghi\u1ec7m t\u1eeb c\u00e1c l\u1ed7i d\u1ecbch sai c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y sau khi con ng\u01b0\u1eddi hi\u1ec7u \u0111\u00ednh l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng ch\u1ed7 d\u1ecbch sai \u0111\u00f3. \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft, kho ng\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01a1n ng\u1eef ch\u1eef Qu\u1ed1c ng\u1eef \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u00f3m nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u201cn\u1ea1p d\u1ea1y\u201d cho h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng hi\u1ec7n \u1edf m\u1ee9c 823.533 c\u00e2u v\u00e0 13.024.774 t\u1eeb.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ec3 n\u00e2ng cao ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eadp trung d\u1ecbch m\u1ed9t chi\u1ec1u t\u1eeb ch\u1eef N\u00f4m sang ch\u1eef Qu\u1ed1c ng\u1eef. C\u1ee5 th\u1ec3, nh\u00f3m \u0111\u00e3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng T\u1ef1 \u0111i\u1ec3n ch\u1eef N\u00f4m \u2013 Qu\u1ed1c ng\u1eef (b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p c\u00f3 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u00e1c N\u00f4m t\u1ef1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i ngh\u0129a Qu\u1ed1c ng\u1eef) nh\u1eb1m t\u1eadp trung gi\u1ea3i ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a t\u1eebng t\u1ef1, cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng tin s\u00e2u v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef h\u1ecdc. (\u201cT\u1ef1\u201d l\u00e0 \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb nh\u1ecf nh\u1ea5t trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh x\u1eed l\u00fd ng\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ec3 chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb cho qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh chuy\u1ec3n t\u1ef1. C\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 l\u1edbn h\u01a1n \u201ct\u1ef1\u201d l\u00e0 t\u1eeb v\u00e0 c\u1ee5m t\u1eeb).<\/p>\n

Ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng nh\u1eadn di\u1ec7n qua \u1ea3nh<\/p>\n

V\u00e0o th\u00e1ng t\u01b0 v\u1eeba qua, tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 di\u1ec5n \u0111\u00e0n, nhi\u1ec1u b\u1ea1n tr\u1ebb \u0111\u00e3 chia s\u1ebb v\u1edbi nhau v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng chuy\u1ec3n t\u1ef1 ch\u1eef N\u00f4m do nh\u00f3m c\u1ee7a PGS. \u0110inh \u0110i\u1ec1n ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n. Nh\u00f3m nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng l\u00ean website ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0110H Khoa h\u1ecdc T\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean \u0110HQG TP.HCM (https:\/\/tools.clc.hcmus.edu.vn\/) nh\u1eb1m ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 nhu c\u1ea7u tra c\u1ee9u c\u1ee7a m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi.<\/p>\n

V\u1ec1 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n, ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m giao di\u1ec7n website chuy\u1ec3n t\u1ef1 t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng ch\u1eef N\u00f4m sang ch\u1eef Qu\u1ed1c ng\u1eef \u0111i k\u00e8m b\u1ed9 g\u00f5 ch\u1eef N\u00f4m t\u00edch h\u1ee3p, cho ph\u00e9p ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng ch\u1ecdn l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c (v\u0103n h\u1ecdc, l\u1ecbch s\u1eed, t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o) v\u00e0 th\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i (v\u0103n xu\u00f4i, v\u0103n v\u1ea7n) c\u1ee7a ng\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o. C\u00e1c k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 th\u1ef1c nghi\u1ec7m b\u1ea3n d\u1ecbch v\u0103n b\u1ea3n ch\u1eef N\u00f4m sang ch\u1eef Qu\u1ed1c ng\u1eef v\u1edbi b\u1ea3n d\u1ecbch ch\u1eef Qu\u1ed1c ng\u1eef (b\u1ea3n g\u1ed1c) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 l\u00e0 chu\u1ea9n x\u00e1c \u1edf m\u1ee9c cao.<\/p>\n

D\u00f9 \u0111\u00e3 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p d\u1ecbch v\u0103n b\u1ea3n ch\u1eef, nh\u01b0ng nh\u00f3m nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u ti\u1ebft l\u1ed9 r\u1eb1ng h\u1ecd v\u1eab \u0111ang ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n th\u00eam kh\u1ed1i (module) nh\u1eadn d\u1ea1ng v\u0103n b\u1ea3n \u1ea3nh b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch ch\u1ee5p h\u00ecnh ch\u1eef N\u00f4m thay v\u00ec ph\u1ea3i g\u00f5 v\u00e0o hay d\u00e1n v\u00e0o, hay c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 OCR (Optical Character Recognization). Kh\u1ed1i nh\u1eadn d\u1ea1ng n\u00e0y s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00edch h\u1ee3p v\u00e0o h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng chuy\u1ec3n t\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7n nay \u0111\u1ec3 qua \u0111\u00f3 du kh\u00e1ch c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng camera c\u1ee7a \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i di \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ec3 qu\u00e9t n\u1ed9i dung c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u, h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh nh\u01b0 li\u1ec5n th\u1edd, ho\u00e0nh phi, c\u00e2u \u0111\u1ed1i, bia, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ebft b\u1eb1ng ch\u1eef N\u00f4m th\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ea5y \u1edf c\u00e1c khu di t\u00edch, \u0111\u1ec1n \u0111\u00e0i, mi\u1ebfu m\u1ea1o\u2026<\/p>\n

Xa h\u01a1n n\u1eefa, nh\u00f3m hy v\u1ecdng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng thay v\u00ec ch\u1ec9 d\u1ecbch \u00e2m (chuy\u1ec3n t\u1ef1), th\u00ec h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng s\u1ebd d\u1ecbch ngh\u0129a c\u00e1c t\u1eeb H\u00e1n Vi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ec3 m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ngh\u0129a theo c\u00e1c t\u1eeb ng\u1eef th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng hi\u1ec7n nay. Ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n, v\u1edbi c\u00e2u ch\u1eef H\u00e1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cho l\u00e0 c\u1ee7a L\u00fd Th\u01b0\u1eddng Ki\u1ec7t: \u201c\u5357\u570b\u5c71\u6cb3\u5357\u5e1d\u5c45\u201d s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ecbch \u00e2m l\u00e0: \u201cNam Qu\u1ed1c S\u01a1n h\u00e0 Nam \u0111\u1ebf c\u01b0\u201d v\u00e0 sau \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ecbch ngh\u0129a l\u00e0: \u201cS\u00f4ng n\u00fai n\u01b0\u1edbc Nam vua Nam \u1edf\u201d.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi PGS.TS \u0110inh \u0110i\u1ec1n, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 \u0111i c\u00f9ng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ngay t\u1eeb ng\u00e0y \u0111\u1ea7u n\u00f3 v\u1eabn c\u00f2n l\u00e0 \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng tr\u00ean gi\u1ea5y, \u0111i\u1ec1u sau r\u1ed1t \u00f4ng mong mu\u1ed1n l\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng chuy\u1ec3n t\u1ef1 n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n s\u1ed1 H\u00e1n \u2013 N\u00f4m. \u201cT\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 cho nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi mu\u1ed1n t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u s\u00e2u v\u1ec1 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed, v\u0103n h\u1ecdc, y h\u1ecdc d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c, n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, \u0111\u1ecba l\u00fd (trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 c\u1ea3 Ho\u00e0ng Sa, Tr\u01b0\u1eddng Sa),…d\u00f9 h\u1ecd \u1edf b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 n\u01a1i n\u00e0o\u201d, \u00f4ng chia s\u1ebb.<\/p>\n

Ngu\u1ed3n tham kh\u1ea3o:
\n[1] M\u1ed9t v\u00e0i ch\u1eef N\u00f4m v\u00e0 t\u1eeb c\u1ed5 \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t trong Truy\u1ec7n Ki\u1ec1u – \u0110inh V\u0103n Tu\u1ea5n<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

\n

Anh Th\u01b0<\/b><\/p>\n

Ngu\u1ed3n: https:\/\/khoahocphattrien.vn\/khoa-hoc\/vai-thong-minh-khang-khuan-tu-lanh-va-do-duoc-nhip-tim\/20230525093225652p1c160.htm<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Xuy\u00ean su\u1ed1t 10 th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, ch\u1eef N\u00f4m \u0111\u00e3 ghi d\u1ea5u \u1ea5n tr\u00ean kh\u1eafp c\u00e1c t\u00e1c […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":17,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[126],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.clc.hcmus.edu.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3730"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.clc.hcmus.edu.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.clc.hcmus.edu.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.clc.hcmus.edu.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/17"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.clc.hcmus.edu.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=3730"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/www.clc.hcmus.edu.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3730\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3742,"href":"https:\/\/www.clc.hcmus.edu.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3730\/revisions\/3742"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.clc.hcmus.edu.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=3730"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.clc.hcmus.edu.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=3730"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.clc.hcmus.edu.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=3730"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}